Nowadays medicine possesses a substantial arsenal of preparations, which enable doctors not only to save the lives of patients with diabetes mellitus, but also to return their work capacity. There are numerous oral glucose-lowering agents, different insulin preparations; new treatment directions are being constantly developed. Patients with diabetes mellitus often visit doctors of other specialties (ophthalmologists, surgeons, general practitioners, gynecologists, etc.), so students of medical universities should know the means and methods of treatment of diabetes mellitus as well as to be able to apply them on practice